XDR-TB has been identified in all regions of the world since 2006. Treatment outcomes are significantly worse in XDR-TB patients than in MDR-TB patients. Outbreaks of XDR-TB in populations with high prevalence of HIV have caused alarmingly high mortality rates. The emergence of XDR-TB as a new threat to global public Annexure 2: Guidelines for Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting ..129 Annexure 3: Consent Form ..132 Annexure 4: Guidelines for Referral of DR-TB Patients for Review by the Provincial DR-TB Table XX Standardised Regimen for Adult XDR-TB Treatment ..54 Table XXI Continuation Phase: Treatment Taken Daily for at Least 18 months after WHO XDR TB Pre-XDR TB drug resistance TB therapy. Last week, the World Health Organization (WHO) held a consultation to discuss the definition of extensively drug resistant (XDR) tuberculosis. The meeting was held to discuss novel treatment regimens and diagnostics for drug-resistant TB and determine its impact on the definition of XDR-TB. In these guidelines, MDR-TB is defined specifically as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most important first-line drugs. combination with bedaquiline and linezolid for the treatment of a specific limited population of adults with pulmonary XDR-TB or treatment-intolerant or nonresponsive MDR-TB (2, 141). Given FDA This Policy Frameworkis based on sound evidence that decentralised DR-TB treatment provides more effective treatment for the patient that takes social and family pressures into consideration. In addition, decentralisation of care will ease the burden placed on hospitals that require lengthy hospital stays. treatment guidelines for drug-resistant TB, 2016 update, 9-11 November 2015 . . . . . . .46 Annex 2. Experts involved in the development of the WHO treatment guidelines for XDR-TB extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis 1 See also page 23 for the abbreviations of the names of TB medicines. 1 MDR TB and XDR TB do not respond to the standard six months of TB treatment with "first line" anti TB drugs. Treatment for them can often take two years or more and requires treatment with other drugs that are less potent, more toxic and much more expensive. However, there are now starting to be some shorter regimens for treatment. What is RR-TB? WHO guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis: (2011) by D Falzon, E Jaramillo, Schünemann HJ bedaquiline added to a background regimen for compassionate use achieved bacteriological conversion in M/XDR-TB cases Running head: bedaquiline for compassionate use Tuberculosis Drugs among Treatment Naive This guidance document presents the most up-to-date evidence and expert opinion regarding the management of contacts of MDR TB and XDR TB patients, in order to provide the Member States with support when considering the topic in national TB programmes and/or TB control strategies. TB-PRACTECAL was a large, randomised comparison of three 6-month all-oral regimens for the treatment of MDR-TB, with a control group that received the World Health Organization standard of care, consisting of a 9- to 24-month course of treatment combining oral and injectable treatments depending on local guidelines. Guidelines: Management of Drug-resistant Tuberculosis Jun 19, 2014 by Health-e News Written by Health-e News Updated January 2013, these South African Department of Health guidelines describe the management of drug-resistant (DR), multidrug-resistant (MDR) an